Discussion:
Ask for help with Error when apply KLEE to Busybox1.21.0
王帅
2013-11-27 03:29:37 UTC
Permalink
Hi guys, Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the subsequent steps:mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions


But,an error happened:------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------

Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
Output of:
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much for advance!
Daniel Liew
2013-11-27 05:52:44 UTC
Permalink
Hi,

I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.

I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...

```

Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group


[76/1831]
Output of:
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/lib.a(inetd.o): In function `inetd_main':
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'

...
```

The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).

Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.

If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.

CFLAGS += -fnested-function

Hope that helps,
Dan Liew

[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Post by 王帅
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Wang Shuai
2013-11-27 12:28:42 UTC
Permalink
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Post by 王帅
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse

I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why?
Was there something wrong with my instructions?

export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG

make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
Daniel Liew
2013-11-27 13:31:22 UTC
Permalink
The error message is telling you that the argparse module is missing.
This module is a command line argument parser in Python >=2.7. Because
that module is missing it probably means your version of python is
VERY OUT OF DATE (you can check your version by running python
--version) to use wllvm. If it's out of date you should upgrade!

If you don't want to install a newer version of python then you can
try to use the older version of extract-bc that doesn't have an
argument parser (
https://github.com/travitch/whole-program-llvm/blob/1256a2e6c5e64fcac97758eeb723d2de47f3d5ce/extract-bc
). I make no guarantees that this will work.

Hope that helps,
Dan.
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build
successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to
generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse
I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why? Was
there something wrong with my instructions?
export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG
make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
Wang Shuai
2013-11-28 07:59:15 UTC
Permalink
Post by Daniel Liew
The error message is telling you that the argparse module is missing.
This module is a command line argument parser in Python >=2.7. Because
that module is missing it probably means your version of python is
VERY OUT OF DATE (you can check your version by running python
--version) to use wllvm. If it's out of date you should upgrade!
If you don't want to install a newer version of python then you can
try to use the older version of extract-bc that doesn't have an
argument parser (
https://github.com/travitch/whole-program-llvm/blob/1256a2e6c5e64fcac97758eeb723d2de47f3d5ce/extract-bc
). I make no guarantees that this will work.
Hope that helps,
Dan.
I followed your advice and changed my OS to ubuntu12.04 which has
python2.7.3. But after I set up the wllvm, I tried to "CC=wllvm
./configure" in the "gzip1.6 "directory. Something was wrong:

checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... no
checking for mawk... mawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... (cached) yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... /home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/wllvm
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: in `/home/wang/work/projects/gzip-1.6':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details

I never met this error in my previous OS. Also, LLVM_GCC works well. Why
would this happen? Thank you very much.
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build
successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to
generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse
I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why? Was
there something wrong with my instructions?
export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG
make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
Daniel Liew
2013-11-28 12:25:13 UTC
Permalink
Read the error message, the compiler doesn't work, you should read the
generated config.log to find out why it doesn't work.

You can also check what happens when you try to compile a simple C program
$ export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
$ export WLLVM_OUTPUT=debug
$ export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/user/llvm_and_clang/Debug+Asserts/bin
$ wllvm -c hello_world.c
$ wllvm hello_world.o -o hello_world

Most likely something isn't configured properly.
Post by Wang Shuai
Post by Daniel Liew
The error message is telling you that the argparse module is missing.
This module is a command line argument parser in Python >=2.7. Because
that module is missing it probably means your version of python is
VERY OUT OF DATE (you can check your version by running python
--version) to use wllvm. If it's out of date you should upgrade!
If you don't want to install a newer version of python then you can
try to use the older version of extract-bc that doesn't have an
argument parser (
https://github.com/travitch/whole-program-llvm/blob/1256a2e6c5e64fcac97758eeb723d2de47f3d5ce/extract-bc
). I make no guarantees that this will work.
Hope that helps,
Dan.
I followed your advice and changed my OS to ubuntu12.04 which has
python2.7.3. But after I set up the wllvm, I tried to "CC=wllvm
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... no
checking for mawk... mawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... (cached) yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... /home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/wllvm
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
I never met this error in my previous OS. Also, LLVM_GCC works well. Why
would this happen? Thank you very much.
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build
successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to
generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse
I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why? Was
there something wrong with my instructions?
export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG
make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
Wang Shuai
2013-11-29 03:45:11 UTC
Permalink
Post by Daniel Liew
Read the error message, the compiler doesn't work, you should read the
generated config.log to find out why it doesn't work.
You can also check what happens when you try to compile a simple C program
$ export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
$ export WLLVM_OUTPUT=debug
$ export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/user/llvm_and_clang/Debug+Asserts/bin
$ wllvm -c hello_world.c
$ wllvm hello_world.o -o hello_world
Most likely something isn't configured properly.
Hi Daniel,

I was able to run wllvm and make step was successful, too. The LLVM
bitcode" busybox_unstripped.bc" was generated after I ran "extract-bc
busybox_unstripped" in the console. But when using KLEE to test
"printf", I followed the instructions below:

***@wang:~/work/projects/busybox-1.21.0/obj-klee$ klee --libc=uclibc
--posix-runtime ./busybox_unstripped.bc printf --help
KLEE: NOTE: Using model:
/home/wang/work/klee/Release+Asserts/lib/libkleeRuntimePOSIX.bca
KLEE: output directory = "klee-out-2"
WARNING: this target does not support the llvm.stacksave intrinsic.
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "lbb_prepare" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "getty_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "makemime_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popmaildir_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "reformime_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "sendmail_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "conspy_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fbsplash_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "less_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "modprobe_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "httpd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifenslave_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifplugd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "nc_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "netstat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ntpd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "telnetd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "common_traceroute_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "wget_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dhcprelay_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "udhcp_sp_fd_set" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "iostat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mpstat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "nmeter_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "cpuid" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "powertop_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "pstree_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "svlogd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "raise_exception" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "outstr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "int_on" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "flush_stdout_stderr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "outcslow" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "out1fmt" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fmtstr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "stalloc" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popstackmark" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "growstackblock" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setvarsafe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "unsetvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "listsetvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setpwd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "docd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setalias" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "unalias" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "rmaliases" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "freejob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "restartjob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dowait" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "clear_traps" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "waitforjob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "redirect" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popredir" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "redirectsafe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ash_arith" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "recordregion" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "removerecordregions" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "force_int_on" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "expbackq" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifsfree" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "expandmeta" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "clearcmdentry" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "delete_cmd_entry" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "defun" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dotrap" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evaltree" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalsubshell" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalpipe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalfun" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mklocal" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalcommand" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "pushstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popfile" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setinputfile" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setinputstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "shiftcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "readtoken1" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "find_command" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "trapcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "readcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "umaskcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ash_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "hush_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "syslogd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "acpid_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fdisk_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fsck_minix_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mkfs_minix_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "gzip_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "showkey_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "test_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "awk_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "diff_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ed_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "patch_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "vi_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "read_line_input" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "__dns_lookup" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __cmsg_nxthdr
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __res_state
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __sigsetjmp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __syscall_ipc
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __xstat64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: acct
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: adjtimex
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: alarm
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: atan2
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: bindresvport
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: cos
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: creat64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: delete_module
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: ether_hostton
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: exp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: fabs
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: flock
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getdomainname
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getrpcbyname
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getsid
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: init_module
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: klogctl
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: log
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: malloc_trim
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: mallopt
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: nice
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: personality
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pivot_root
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pmap_set
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pmap_unset
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: poll
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pow
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_get_priority_max
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_get_priority_min
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_getparam
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_getscheduler
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_setscheduler
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_yield
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sendfile64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: siglongjmp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sigsuspend
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sin
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sqrt
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: stime
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sysinfo
KLEE: WARNING: executable has module level assembly (ignoring)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: syscall(54, 0, 21505, 240663360)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling __user_main with extra arguments.
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: __xstat64(3, 240194008, 240675168)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: mallopt(4294967295, 8192)
KLEE: ERROR: inline assembly is unsupported
KLEE: NOTE: now ignoring this error at this location

KLEE: done: total instructions = 10243
KLEE: done: completed paths = 1
KLEE: done: generated tests = 1


Is my operations right? I see there is an error. I'm not sure that KLEE
worked correctly. In the experiment, only "busybox_unstripped.bc" was
generated unlike the test of GNU Coreutils whose each utilities had one.
Could you tell me how to test the utilities like "printf" in busybox1.21.0?
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Wang Shuai
Post by Daniel Liew
The error message is telling you that the argparse module is missing.
This module is a command line argument parser in Python >=2.7. Because
that module is missing it probably means your version of python is
VERY OUT OF DATE (you can check your version by running python
--version) to use wllvm. If it's out of date you should upgrade!
If you don't want to install a newer version of python then you can
try to use the older version of extract-bc that doesn't have an
argument parser (
https://github.com/travitch/whole-program-llvm/blob/1256a2e6c5e64fcac97758eeb723d2de47f3d5ce/extract-bc
). I make no guarantees that this will work.
Hope that helps,
Dan.
I followed your advice and changed my OS to ubuntu12.04 which has
python2.7.3. But after I set up the wllvm, I tried to "CC=wllvm
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... no
checking for mawk... mawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... (cached) yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... /home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/wllvm
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
I never met this error in my previous OS. Also, LLVM_GCC works well. Why
would this happen? Thank you very much.
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build
successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to
generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse
I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why? Was
there something wrong with my instructions?
export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG
make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
Daniel Liew
2013-11-29 11:08:27 UTC
Permalink
Your problem is your build of busybox has inline assembly which KLEE
cannot handle. You will need to figure out how to build busybox with
as little assembly as possible. Busybox might provide a configuration
option that allows you to use generic versions of functions instead of
architecture specific ones. I cannot help you with this.

Thanks,
Dan.
Post by Wang Shuai
Post by Daniel Liew
Read the error message, the compiler doesn't work, you should read the
generated config.log to find out why it doesn't work.
You can also check what happens when you try to compile a simple C program
$ export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
$ export WLLVM_OUTPUT=debug
$ export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/user/llvm_and_clang/Debug+Asserts/bin
$ wllvm -c hello_world.c
$ wllvm hello_world.o -o hello_world
Most likely something isn't configured properly.
Hi Daniel,
I was able to run wllvm and make step was successful, too. The LLVM
bitcode" busybox_unstripped.bc" was generated after I ran "extract-bc
busybox_unstripped" in the console. But when using KLEE to test
--posix-runtime ./busybox_unstripped.bc printf --help
/home/wang/work/klee/Release+Asserts/lib/libkleeRuntimePOSIX.bca
KLEE: output directory = "klee-out-2"
WARNING: this target does not support the llvm.stacksave intrinsic.
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "lbb_prepare" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "getty_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "makemime_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popmaildir_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "reformime_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "sendmail_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "conspy_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fbsplash_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "less_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "modprobe_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "httpd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifenslave_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifplugd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "nc_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "netstat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ntpd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "telnetd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "common_traceroute_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "wget_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dhcprelay_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "udhcp_sp_fd_set" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "iostat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mpstat_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "nmeter_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "cpuid" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "powertop_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "pstree_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "svlogd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "raise_exception" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "outstr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "int_on" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "flush_stdout_stderr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "outcslow" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "out1fmt" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fmtstr" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "stalloc" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popstackmark" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "growstackblock" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setvarsafe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "unsetvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "listsetvar" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setpwd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "docd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setalias" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "unalias" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "rmaliases" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "freejob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "restartjob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dowait" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "clear_traps" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "waitforjob" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "redirect" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popredir" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "redirectsafe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ash_arith" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "recordregion" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "removerecordregions" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "force_int_on" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "expbackq" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ifsfree" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "expandmeta" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "clearcmdentry" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "delete_cmd_entry" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "defun" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "dotrap" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evaltree" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalsubshell" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalpipe" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalfun" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mklocal" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "evalcommand" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "pushstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "popfile" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setinputfile" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setinputstring" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "shiftcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "setcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "readtoken1" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "find_command" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "trapcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "readcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "umaskcmd" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ash_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "hush_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "syslogd_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "acpid_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fdisk_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "fsck_minix_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "mkfs_minix_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "gzip_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "showkey_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "test_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "awk_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "diff_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "ed_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "patch_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "vi_main" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "read_line_input" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: function "__dns_lookup" has inline asm
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __cmsg_nxthdr
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __res_state
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __sigsetjmp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __syscall_ipc
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: __xstat64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: acct
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: adjtimex
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: alarm
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: atan2
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: bindresvport
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: cos
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: creat64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: delete_module
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: ether_hostton
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: exp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: fabs
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: flock
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getdomainname
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getrpcbyname
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: getsid
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: init_module
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: klogctl
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: log
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: malloc_trim
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: mallopt
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: nice
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: personality
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pivot_root
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pmap_set
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pmap_unset
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: poll
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: pow
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_get_priority_max
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_get_priority_min
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_getparam
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_getscheduler
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_setscheduler
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sched_yield
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sendfile64
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: siglongjmp
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sigsuspend
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sin
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sqrt
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: stime
KLEE: WARNING: undefined reference to function: sysinfo
KLEE: WARNING: executable has module level assembly (ignoring)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: syscall(54, 0, 21505, 240663360)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling __user_main with extra arguments.
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: __xstat64(3, 240194008, 240675168)
KLEE: WARNING ONCE: calling external: mallopt(4294967295, 8192)
KLEE: ERROR: inline assembly is unsupported
KLEE: NOTE: now ignoring this error at this location
KLEE: done: total instructions = 10243
KLEE: done: completed paths = 1
KLEE: done: generated tests = 1
Is my operations right? I see there is an error. I'm not sure that KLEE
worked correctly. In the experiment, only "busybox_unstripped.bc" was
generated unlike the test of GNU Coreutils whose each utilities had one.
Could you tell me how to test the utilities like "printf" in busybox1.21.0?
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Wang Shuai
Post by Daniel Liew
The error message is telling you that the argparse module is missing.
This module is a command line argument parser in Python >=2.7. Because
that module is missing it probably means your version of python is
VERY OUT OF DATE (you can check your version by running python
--version) to use wllvm. If it's out of date you should upgrade!
If you don't want to install a newer version of python then you can
try to use the older version of extract-bc that doesn't have an
argument parser (
https://github.com/travitch/whole-program-llvm/blob/1256a2e6c5e64fcac97758eeb723d2de47f3d5ce/extract-bc
). I make no guarantees that this will work.
Hope that helps,
Dan.
I followed your advice and changed my OS to ubuntu12.04 which has
python2.7.3. But after I set up the wllvm, I tried to "CC=wllvm
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... no
checking for mawk... mawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... (cached) yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... /home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/wllvm
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
I never met this error in my previous OS. Also, LLVM_GCC works well. Why
would this happen? Thank you very much.
Post by Daniel Liew
Post by Daniel Liew
Hi,
I would advise using my fork [1] of wllvm instead of klee-gcc for
building programs to LLVM bitcode.
I don't quite have the same error as you when I use wllvm. Instead I see ...
```
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
[76/1831]
wllvm -fnested-functions -Wall -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wundef
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wunused -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function
-Wunused-value -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations
-Wno-format-security -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-Wold-style-definition -fno-builtin-strlen -finline-limit=0
-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-fno-guess-branch-probability -funsigned-char -static-libgcc
-falign-functions=1 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-labels=1 -falign
-loops=1 -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -Os -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--sort-section,alignment
-Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-to
ols/lib.a coreutils/lib.a coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a
debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a findutils/lib.a
init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-to
ols/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o
debianutils/built-in.o e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o
findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o libbb/built-in.o
libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o mailutils
/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/b
uilt-in.o util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o
-Wl,--end-group -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x261): undefined reference to `__FDELT'
networking/inetd.c:(.text.inetd_main+0x275): undefined reference to `__FDMASK'
...
```
The errors I have are macros that expand to something that is not used
as a symbol (_FDELT and _FDMASK). This seems to have something to do
with llvm-gcc and the macros FD_CLEAR, FD_ISSET, FD_SET and FD_ZERO
(in lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/include/bits/select.h ).
Anyway the quick way to avoid this issue is to not build the
networking part of busybox by running make menuconfig (you may need
remove .config file first) and then removing the networking bits and
saving your configuration then building.
If I do this then I can successfully build busybox using wllvm with
llvm-gcc provided I also add to CFLAGS in Makefile.flags
-fnested-functions i.e.
CFLAGS += -fnested-function
Hope that helps,
Dan Liew
[1] Make sure you use llvm-gcc branch of repository
https://github.com/delcypher/whole-program-llvm/tree/llvm-gcc
Hi guys,
Recently, I'm trying to apply KLEE to busybox1.21.0. I followed the
mkdir obj-klee
make -w O=obj-klee defconfig
cd obj-klee
make CC=klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt" AR=llvm-ar SKIP_STRIP=y V=1
make CC=/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc LD="llvm-ld --disable-opt"
SKIP_STRIP=y V=1 AR=llvm-ar CFLAGS=-fnested-functions
------------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Trying libraries: m
Failed: -Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
/home/wang/work/klee/scripts/klee-gcc -fnested-functions -o
busybox_unstripped -Wl,--start-group applets/built-in.o archival/lib.a
archival/libarchive/lib.a console-tools/lib.a coreutils/lib.a
coreutils/libcoreutils/lib.a debianutils/lib.a e2fsprogs/lib.a editors/lib.a
findutils/lib.a init/lib.a libbb/lib.a libpwdgrp/lib.a loginutils/lib.a
mailutils/lib.a miscutils/lib.a modutils/lib.a networking/lib.a
networking/libiproute/lib.a networking/udhcp/lib.a printutils/lib.a
procps/lib.a runit/lib.a selinux/lib.a shell/lib.a sysklogd/lib.a
util-linux/lib.a util-linux/volume_id/lib.a archival/built-in.o
archival/libarchive/built-in.o console-tools/built-in.o coreutils/built-in.o
coreutils/libcoreutils/built-in.o debianutils/built-in.o
e2fsprogs/built-in.o editors/built-in.o findutils/built-in.o init/built-in.o
libbb/built-in.o libpwdgrp/built-in.o loginutils/built-in.o
mailutils/built-in.o miscutils/built-in.o modutils/built-in.o
networking/built-in.o networking/libiproute/built-in.o
networking/udhcp/built-in.o printutils/built-in.o procps/built-in.o
runit/built-in.o selinux/built-in.o shell/built-in.o sysklogd/built-in.o
util-linux/built-in.o util-linux/volume_id/built-in.o -Wl,--end-group
-Wl,--start-group -lm -Wl,--end-group
==========
llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'selinux/lib.a'
make[2]: *** [busybox_unstripped] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
When I check selinux/lib.a, the file is there, but it contains only a
single line with: "!<arch>" . Someone can help me ? If any, could you tell
me how to solve it? I'm really hurried with this test. Thank you very much
for advance!
Thank know for your advice! It really helps me. Busybox 1.21.0 build
successfully. But when I wanted to use extract-bc busybox_unstripped to
generate LLVM bitcode, another error happened
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 269, in <module>
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
File "/home/wang/work/wllvm-gcc/extract-bc", line 212, in main
import argparse
ImportError: No module named argparse
I also tried to apply wllvm to gzip1.6. There was the same error. Why? Was
there something wrong with my instructions?
export LLVM_COMPILER=llvm-gcc
export LLVM_COMPILER_PATH=/home/wang/work/llvm-2.9/Release+Asserts/bin
export WLLVM_OUTPUT=DEBUG
make CC=wllvm defconfig
make CC=wllvm
extract-bc busybox_unstripped
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